Jeev - Ajeev
About the Author
Being a poet along with being a philosopher is a rare combination. Acharyashri Mahapragya is a great poet besides being a great philosopher. The literature written by Acharyashri Mahapragya is proving very effective like panacea in solving the horrible problems of the present age like tension, lack of sensitivity, excitement, depression, terrorism, inferiority complex, hatred, fraud, immorality, lack of authenticity and absence of peace. In the books of Acharya Mahapragya, solutions of various problems have been given by way of experiments and training. His writings bring about an all-round development in one’s life and thus are rendering a great service to the humanity. Mankind will forever be obliged to him for his contribution that he has made through his literature.
About the Book
It has been said that for someone to understand a subject in detail, a preface or a foresight into the basics or the fundamentals of that subject is necessary. The same holds true for Jain Philosophy as well and this book I believe provides a foreword to the fundamentals of the Jain Philosophy. The book is based on the text named Pacchis Bol, which is a compendium of 25 maxims, which carry the analysis of the living and the non-living beings, both lucidly and scientifically. A brief of these 25 maxims are:
Gati The 4 states of existence of Worldly Beings | Praan The 10 types of Bio-Energy | Gunasthaan The 14 stages of spiritual development | Dandak The 24 kinds of places of Karmik Fruition | Raashi The 2 categories of Beings |
Jati The 5 Classes of Beings on the basis of senses | Sharer The 5 types of Body | Paanchindriyon ke Vishay The 23 Objectives of Five Sense Organs | Leshya The 6 types of Aural Coloration | Shraavak Vrat The 12 vows of Lay Followers |
Kaay The 6 kinds of Beings | Yog The 15 types of Activities | Mithyaatva The 10 kinds of Perverted Faith | Drishti The 3 types of View | Mahaavrat The 5 Great Vows |
Indriya The 5 kinds of Sense Organs | Upayog The 12 types of Conscious Activities | Nine Tattva ke 115 Bhed 115 sub-divisions of Nine Tattva | Dhyaan The 4 kinds of Meditation | Bhaanga The 49 kinds of Combinations |
Paryaapti The 6 kinds of Bio-Potentials | Karma The 8 types of Karma | Aatma The 8 states of the Soul | Dravya The 6 kinds of Substances | Chaaritra The 5 types of Conducts |
This book unlike any other book of Acharya Mahapragya Ji is actually written like a Text Book for the easy and simple understanding of these profound concepts and in a question answer format has answered the intrinsic questions which would arise in the mind of a reader while reading the book. Since there were numerous concepts in the book which could have been best expressed through pictorial formats, I also took the liberty to draw them into diagrams for an elucidate understanding of our readers.
Gati- The 4 states of existence of Worldly Beings
It has been said that the soul is an immortal being. Therefore its existence does not end with the death of the living being and rather the soul transmits from one form to another and the 4 states of existence amongst which the soul transmigrates are Narakgati i.e. the land where the hellish beings resides, Tiryanchgati i.e. the sub-human form consisting of all the organisms with one-sense organ to the five-sense organs excluding humans, Manushyagati i.e. the human state and Devgati i.e. the heavenly abode. The soul shifts its existence amongst these 4 states until its liberation.
Jaati- The 5 Classes of Beings
The classification amongst the living beings is made on the basis of the number of sense organs, i.e. jaati. On such a classification we come across the 5 classes of Ekendriya i.e. the one-sense beings, Dveendriya i.e. the two-sense beings, Treendriya i.e. three-sense beings, Chaturindriya i.e. four-sense beings, Panchendriya i.e. five-sense beings
Kaay- The 6 kinds of Beings
The classification of the world beings is also done on the basis of the material cluster by which these bodies are made up of. These material clusters can be in the form of Earht, Water, Fire, Air, Plant and Mobility and hence the classification.
Shareer- The 5 types of Body
The Soul does not have any material body, yet its presence can be felt through the bodies of all living entitites. The soul itself constructs its own body and uses it to carry out all the activities of life. Therefore there is no doubt about the fact that the soul is a completely different entity than the soul and in fact the body has been defined to be as an instrument for experiencing the material related pain and pleasure. The body can further be divided into Audaarik Body i.e. such bodies which can stay back even after they dissociate from the soul, Vikriya Body i.e. such bodies which adopt different forms and which disintegrate after death as camphor, Aahaarak Body i.e. such a body which is build with a special kind of matter by an ascetic with the knowledge of 14 poorvas, Taijas Body i.e. such a body which is capable of digesting food and is composed of luminous atom and the Kaarman Body i.e. such a body which is made of material aggregates of eight karmas.
Yog- The 15 types of Activities
The activity of the soul carried out through the body, speech, and mind is known as Yog. The soul carries out its operations with the assistance of material power which is also known as Yog. The efforts of the soul are called Bhaav Yog and those that are out of the corroborative material is called Dravya Yog respectively. The further classification goes accordingly:
Karma- The 8 types of Karmas
The subtle veil of impurity attached to the soul is known as Karmas. It is matter and non-living. The karmic clusters are bound to the soul according to the intensity of our passion and fickleness in the form of activity. Although these karmik aggregates are of the same kind, they have different names according to their effect on a soul such as obscuring, distorting or effecting:
Interesting Points in the Book
- The soul in order to travel from one state of being to another either travels through Rijugati i.e. movement without turns which requires no extra effort from the soul because as the soul leaves the body, it accelerates towards the new destination or through Vakragati i.e. movement with turns.
- The Asangi (Sammurchchhim) Manushya are such beings which are humans produced in the excreta, urine, cough etc of human beings and do not possess a mind.
- The source of life forces is not only organs such as the brain, heart, lungs etc but it is in the ten bio-energies also. There are examples where a person’s vital organs had stopped their activities but the person’s life-span bio energy was still functioning.
- The diversity in all living forms is only because of their karma. Some are wise and some are foolish, some are attached and some are detached, some scholars are poor and some fools are millionaires. In association with certain circumstances, the respective karmas become active and affect our life.
- When the worldly souls are completely cleansed of all karmic bondages, then no further karmic attractions or bondages can occur. Karmic bondages can occur only to the worldly souls with existing karmic veils.
- It is the degree of variation in purity and impurity in the stream of thought which results in the aural colorations which are classified as forms of leshyas. The first three are auspicious and the last three are inauspicious.
- Just like mantras are used to accumulate the poison of a snake bite spread in the whole body to one place, the concentration of the wavering mind is brought to a single thought through focus and meditation.
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